CURRICULUM VITAE

MICHAEL TOOLEY

 

Education

University of Toronto, 1959-64.   B.A., 1964.
Princeton University, 1964-67.  Ph.D., 1968.

Personal

Date of birth:  17 March 1941
Place of birth:  Toronto, Canada
Married to Sylvia Tooley, with daughters Sandra and Suzanne, and grandchildren Anthony, Joshua, Donald, Joseph, and Sofia.

Citizenship:  American and Canadian.

Academic Honors and Awards

President, American Philosophical Association, Pacific Division, 2010-2011.

Vice President, American Philosophical Association, Pacific Division, 2009-2010.

The Cecil H. and Ida Green Honors Chair Professor, Texas Christian University, Spring, 2010

The John Dewey Lecture, "A Philosophical Journey," American Philosophical Association, Central Division, Chicago, February, 2009.

College Professor of Distinction, Arts and Sciences,
University of Colorado at Boulder, 2006-

Faculty Fellowship. University of Colorado at Boulder, 2006-2007.
Boulder Faculty Assembly Excellence in Research Award, 1998-1999.
JSPS Invitation Fellowship for Research in Japan.

    Awarded by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 1999.
Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities.
President, Australasian Association of Philosophy, 1983-1984.
Woodrow Wilson Dissertation Fellow, 1966-1967.
Woodrow Wilson Fellow, 1964-1965.

Current Position

Distinguished College Professor, Arts and Sciences, University of Colorado. 2006-

University of Colorado, Philosophy Department: Professor, 1992–present, now retired.

 

Previous Positions

Bowling Green State University, Adjunct Professor, 2004-09.

The Australian National University, Philosophy Program, Research School of Social Sciences:  Senior Research Fellow, 1988-92; Senior Fellow, 1992.

University of Western Australia, Philosophy Department:  Professor, 1983-88; Head of Department, 1985-88.

University of Miami, Philosophy Department:  Associate Professor, 1981-82; Professor, 1982-83.

Wichita State University, Philosophy Department:  Visiting Associate Professor, 1980-81.

University of Utah, Philosophy Department:  Visiting Associate Professor, 1977.

The Australian National University, Philosophy Program, Research School of Social Sciences:  Research Fellow, 1974-79; Senior Research Fellow, 1979-80.

Stanford University, Philosophy Department, Assistant Professor, 1967-74.

Professional Organizations

American Philosophical Association        (President, 2010-2011)
Australasian Association of Philosophy  (President, 1983-1984)
Australian Academy of the Humanities

Other Professional Activities

Editorial Board: Journal of Controversial Ideas, Philo.

Referee:  American Philosophical Quarterly, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, Bioethics, British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, Dialogue, Erkenntnis, Ethics, Mind, Noûs, Philosophical Studies, Philosophy of Science, and Synthese.

Referee:  Oxford University Press.

TEACHING: Courses

The main courses that I taught were as follows:

Philosophy 1100:  Introduction to Ethics

Philosophy 3340:  Epistemology

Philosophy 4360:  Metaphysics

Philosophy 5340:  Epistemology

Philosophy 5360:  Metaphysics

Philosophy 6340:  Seminar in Epistemology

Philosophy 6380:  Seminar in Causation and Laws of Nature

Philosophy 6380:  Seminar in Philosophy of Time

TEACHING: Thesis Supervision

Ph.D. Dissertations

Christian Lee – Thesis: Adding Goods  (2012)

Tyler Hildebrand – Thesis: Empiricism, Natural Regularity, and Necessity  (2011)

Iain Martel – Thesis: Probabilistic Empiricism: In Defense of a Reichenbachian Theory of Causality and the Direction of Time  (2000)

M.A. Dissertations

Walter Gorsuch – Thesis:  On Merricks’ Definition of ‘Whole Presence’ and the Alleged Contradiction that Arises between Eternalism and Endurantism (2013)

Jay Geyer – Thesis:  Compatibilism, Intralevelism, and Bi-Directional Determination (2012)

Undergraduate Honors Theses

At the undergraduate level, I supervised the following honors theses:

Zachary Rojas (2013)  On Effects Preceding their Causes.

Patrick Decker (2010)  A Defense of Qualia.  (Patrick was admitted to the Ph.D. program at Princeton University.)

Bridgette Bailie Peterson (2010)  Temporal Becoming and Dynamic Time.  (Bailie completed her Ph.D. at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst in 2017 and is now an assistant professor in philosophy at the University of Northern Colorado.)

Jack Spencer (2007)  Meta-Laws. (Jack completed his Ph.D. at Princeton University in 2013, and is now an associate professor in philosophy at M.I.T.)

Heidi Buetow (2004)  Persistence through Time and Change.  (Heidi completed her Ph.D. at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst in 2014 and is now an associate professor in philosophy at Manhattan College.)

Alex Baia (2004)  The Non-Contradiction of Tensed Facts:  A Partial Reply to McTaggart. 


RESEARCH AND PUBLICATIONS

My primary research interests are in the areas of metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of religion, and ethics. In metaphysics, my work is concerned with the nature of time, causation, and laws of nature. In epistemology, I am interested in problems connected with our knowledge of the physical world and other minds, and in the classical problem of induction. In philosophy of religion, my primary focus is upon the question of the rationality or irrationality of belief in the existence of God. In ethics, my research is concerned with issues in the area of applied ethics, including sexual morality, euthanasia, abortion, and cloning.

Books - Published

The Problem of Evil, Cambridge Elements Series (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019).

Abortion – Three Perspectives  (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009)  (This book, which is co-authored with Professor Alison Jaggar, Professor Philip E. Devine, and Associate Professor Emerita Celia Wolf-Devine, is in the Point/Counterpoint series edited by James Sterba.)

Knowledge of God  (Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2008)  (This book, which I co-authored with Professor Alvin Plantinga, is in Blackwell's Great Debates in Philosophy series.)

La natura del tempo, (Milano: McGraw-Hill, 1999).    (This is an Italian translation, by Michele Visentin, of Time, Tense, and Causation, with a new preface and some revisions.)

Analytical Metaphysics (New York: Garland Publishing, 1999).  Edited, five volumes:

Volume 1:  Laws of Nature, Causation, and Supervenience
Volume 2:  The Nature of Time
Volume 3:  Properties
Volume 4:  Particulars, Actuality, and Identity
Volume 5:  Necessity and Possibility

Time, Tense, and Causation, (Oxford:  Oxford University Press, 1997).  Reprinted in a revised, paperback edition in 2000.

Causation, (Oxford:  Oxford University Press, Readings in Philosophy Series, 1993).  Co-edited with Professor Ernest Sosa.

Causation:  A Realist Approach, (Oxford:  Oxford University Press, 1987).

Abortion and Infanticide, (Oxford:  Oxford University Press, 1983).  Reprinted in a paperback edition in 1985.

 

Current and Future Projects

Book Forthcoming


A Defense of a Non-Reductionist Approach to Causation

This book has been accepted for publication by Oxford University Press.

Book in Progress

Arguments from Evil and the Non-Existence of God    


I have a draft of about 80,000 words, which I expect to expand only slightly, so I should have a final draft done within a few months.

 

Books at the Planning Stage:

1. Abortion: A Woman's Right to Choose?

 This book will be a (probably ill-fated!) attempt to reach ordinary people by first explaining the philosophical ideas that are crucial in thinking about the moral status of abortion, and then showing how those ideas can be used to show that several important arguments on both sides of the issue are unsound. I shall then set out and defend the approach that establishes that women do have a right to abortion. Finally, I shall conclude by commenting critically upon the arguments that contemporary philosophers have advanced for the view that abortion is seriously wrong.


2. Letting Go of Christianity - An Invitation

 Several books have been written in recent years either criticizing Christianity or arguing for atheism. These books contain some important arguments, but, with rare exceptions, the authors are not philosophers, with the result that some of the arguments offered are dubious, while other important arguments are never mentioned.

In addition, the tone of some of these books has been rather strident. My goal, accordingly, is, first of all, to produce a book that is friendly in tone, as would be the case if one were talking to a good friend, and then secondly, to set out all of the most important objections to Christianity.

Articles

Articles Presently Submitted to Journals

1. "Rudolf Carnap and Logical Probability: Three Crucial Missteps"

2. "A State-Description-Based Rule of Succession"

Article at the Planning Stage:

“A Refutation of an Objection to the Growing Block View of Time”

Craig Bourne and David Braddon-Mitchell have both argued that a ‘growing block’ view of the nature of time cannot be correct because it would follow that one could not know that it is now now. I show that the argument rests upon an unsound account analysis of tensed statements, and that, given a sound account, one can know, on a growing block view, that it is now now.

 

Articles and Chapters Published

“Causation: A Non-Reductionist, Theoretical-Term Analysis,” Chapter 2 in Alternative Approaches to Causation: Beyond Difference-making and Mechanism, edited by Yafeng Shan, (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 2024, 13-38.

"Wes Morriston’s ‘Skeptical Demonism’ Argument from Evil and Timothy Perrine’s Response," Sofia, 2024, 63, 57–83.


“Calum Miller’s Attempted Refutation of Michael Tooley’s Evidential Argument from Evil.” Religious Studies. First published online, August 2022. Print edition, Religious Studies, 2023, 59, 783–800.

“Masturbation and the Problem of Irrational and Immoral Sexual Activity,” Chapter 8 in The Palgrave Handbook of Sexual Ethics, edited by David Boonin, (London: Palgrave Macmillan), 2022, 129-52.

Chapter 6, Mathematics, co-authored with Stephen Kershnar, in Stephen Kershnar's Desert Collapses - Why No One Deserves Anything (New York: Routledge, 2022), pp.108-23.

“The Moral Status of Human Cloning – Neo-Lockean Persons Versus Human Embryos,” in Bioethics: An Anthology – 4th edition, edited by Udo Schüklenk, Helga Kuhse, and Peter Singer. Oxford: Wiley Blackwell, 2021, 115-32. 

 “Afterthoughts,” International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 87, 2020, 234-37.

Analyzing Sterba’s Argument,” International Journal for Philosophy of Religion 87,  2020, 217–222.

“Evidence,” in A Companion to Atheism and Philosophy, edited by Graham Oppy (Oxford: Wiley Blackwell, 2019), pp. 303-22.

“A New Look at Evidential Arguments from Evil,” in The History of Evil From

the Mid-Twentieth Century to Today - 1950 to 2018 CE, volume VI, edited by Jerome Gellman, Chad Meister, and Charles Taliaferro (New York and London: Routledge Press, 2018), pp. 28-44.

“Axiology: Theism Versus Widely Accepted Monotheisms,” in Does God Matter?, edited by Klaas J. Kraay (New York and Abingdon, England, 2018), pp. 46-69.

Solutions to the New Threats to Academic Freedom?" Bioethics, 28/4, 2014, 163-5.

“Michael Tooley” in Science and Religion: Five Questions, edited by Gregg D. Caruso, Copenhagen, Automatic Press /VIP, 2014, 223-33.

"Abortion," in The Cambridge Companion to Life and Death, edited by Steven Luper, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014, 243-63.

“Philosophy, Critical Thinking, and ‘After-Birth Abortion: Why Should the Baby Live?’” The Journal of Medical Ethics 39/5, 2013, 266-72.  Available free online as the “Editor’s Choice” article for this issue: http://jme.bmj.com/content/39/5/266.full

“Michael Huemer and the Principle of Phenomenal Conservatism,” in Seemings and Justification – New Essays on Dogmatism and Phenomenal Conservatism, edited by Chris Tucker, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013, 306-27.

 “Abortion,” in Oxford Bibliographies Online: Philosophy, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.

“Plantinga’s New Argument against Materialism,” Philosophia Christi, 14/1, 2012, 29-48.

“Inductive Logic and the Probability that God Exists: Farewell to Skeptical Theism,” in Probability in the Philosophy of Religion, edited by Jake Chandler and Victoria S. Harrison, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2012, 144-64.

“Against Presentism: Two Very Different Types of Objection,” in Future of the Philosophy of Time, edited by Adrian Barton, New York, Routledge, 2012, 25-40.

“The Skeptical Challenges of Hume and Berkeley: Can They Be Answered?” Presidential Address, American Philosophical Association, Pacific Division, San Diego, given in April, 2011, and published in Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association, 85/2, 2011, 27-46.

 “Are Nonhuman Animals Persons?” in The Oxford Handbook of Animal Ethics, edited by Tom L. Beauchamp and R. G. Frey, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2011, 332-70.

 “Naturalism, Science, and Religion,” in The Nature of Nature, edited by Bruce L. Gordon and William A. Dembski, Wilmington, Delaware, ISI Books, 2011, 880-99.

“Hume and the Problem of Evil,” in Philosophy of Religion: The Key Thinkers, edited by Jeffrey J. Jordan, London and New York, Continuum, 2011, 159-86. 

 “Michael Tooley” in Metaphysics: Five Questions, edited by Asbjørn Steglich-Petersen, Copenhagen, Automatic Press /VIP, 2010, 143-59.

“Farewell to McTaggart’s Argument?” – Philosophia, 38/, 2010, 243-55.

“Time, Truth, Actuality, and Causation: On the Impossibility of Divine Foreknowledge,” European Journal for the Philosophy of Religion, 2/1, 2010, 143-61.

“A Philosophical Journey,” The John Dewey Lecture, American Philosophical Association, Central Division, Chicago, given in February, 2009, and published in Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association, 83/2, 2009, 97-115.

“Helping People to Think Critically About Their Religious Beliefs”, in 50 Voices of Disbelief: Why We Are Atheists, edited by Russell Blackford and Udo Schüklenk, New York, Wiley-Blackwell, 2009, 310-22.

“Causation," in The Routledge Companion to Metaphysics, edited by Robin LePoidevin, Peter Simons, Andrew McGonigal, Ross Cameron, New York, Routledge, 2009, 459-70.

"Grünbaum on Space and Time,” in Philosophy of Religion, Physics, and Psychology: Essays in Honor of Adolf Grünbaum, edited by Aleksandar Jokic, Amherst, New York: Prometheus Books, 2009, 259-86.

"Personhood," in A Companion to Bioethics – Second Edition, edited by Helge Kuhse and Peter Singer, Oxford, Blackwell Publishing, 2009, 129-39.  (This is a revised and expanded version of my essay in the first edition in 1998.)

"Causes, Laws, and Ontology," in The Oxford Handbook of Causation, edited by Helen Beebee, Christopher Hitchcock, and Peter Menzies, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2009, 368-86

"Two Arguments for Absolute Simultaneity," in Einstein, Relativity and Absolute Simultaneity, edited by William Lane Craig and Quentin Smith, London and New York, Routledge, 2008, 229-43.

"Evil, Problem of," in The New Encyclopedia of Unbelief, edited by Tom Flynn, Amherst, New York, Prometheus Books, 2007, 302-10.

"The Problem of Evil," Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL:  http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/evil/, Revised and expanded version, July, 2007.

"Metaphysics, Nature of (Addendum)," in The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2nd edition, edited by Donald Borchert, Volume 6, Farmington Hills, Michigan, Macmillan Reference, 2006, 208-12.

"Causal Approaches to the Direction of Time," in The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2nd edition, edited by Donald Borchert, Volume 2, Farmington Hills, Michigan, Macmillan Reference, 2006, 85-88.

"Causation: Metaphysical Issues," in The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2nd edition, edited by Donald Borchert, Volume 2, Farmington Hills, Michigan, Macmillan Reference, 2006, 95-103.

"Aborto e Infanticidio," a Portuguese translation of "Abortion and Infanticide," in A Etica do Aborto, edited by, and translations done by, Pedro Galvao, Lisbon, Portugal: Dinalivro, 2005, 69-104.

"Presentism," in Chronos (The Annual Proceedings of the Philosophy of Time Society), VII, 2004-2005, 98-131.

"In Defense of Voluntary Active Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide," in Contemporary Debates in Applied Ethics, edited by Andrew Cohen, and Christopher Wellman, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2005, 161-78.

 “Probability and Causation,” in Causation and Chance, edited by Phil Dowe and Paul Noordhof, Routledge, London, 2004, 77-119.

"Basic Tensed Sentences and their Analysis," in Time, Tense, and Reference, edited by Aleksandar Jokic and Quentin Smith, MIT Press, Massachusetts, 2003, 409-47.

"Causation and Supervenience," in the Oxford Handbook of Metaphysics, edited by Michael J. Loux and Dean W. Zimmerman, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2003, 386-434.

"Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide," in A Companion to Applied Ethics, edited by R. G. Frey and Christopher Heath Wellman, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2003, 326-41.

"The Stalnaker-Lewis Approach to Counterfactuals," Journal of Philosophy, 100/7, 2003, 371-77.

"Backward Causation and the Stalnaker-Lewis Approach to Counterfactuals," Analysis, 62, 2002, 191-97.

"The Problem of Evil," Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL:  http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/evil/, September, 2002.

"Response to Robin Le Poidevin’s 'Is Precedence a Secondary Quality?’," in The Importance of Time, edited by L. Nathan Oaklander, Kluver, Dordrecht, 2001, 267-84.

"Response to Comments on Time, Tense, and Causation," in The Importance of Time, edited by L. Nathan Oaklander, Kluver, Dordrecht, 2001, 31-58.

"Functional Concepts, Referentially Opaque Contexts, Causal Relations, and the Definition of Theoretical Terms," Philosophical Studies, 105/3, 2001, 251-279.

"Freedom and Foreknowledge," Faith and Philosophy 17, 2000, 212-24.

"Is Backward Causation Logically Possible?" in Philosophical Studies (Department of Philosophy, The University of Tokyo), 18, 1999, 1-32.   (This paper consists of a combination of material from sections 3.2, 4.5, and 4.6 from the 1997 edition of Time, Tense, and Causation, together with material added to correct an error in that earlier discussion.  The added material was then used in the revised, paperback edition of Time, Tense, and Causation (2000), partly in section 4.6.2, but mainly in the Appendix.)  

"The Metaphysics of Time," in The Arguments of Time (The British Academy Centenary volume on Time), edited by Jeremy Butterfield, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1999, 21-42.

A Japanese translation of "The Moral Status of the Cloning of Humans," in Studien zur Praktischen Philosophie (Jissentetsugaku-Kenkyu), 22, 1999, 53-97.

“Causation," in The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences, edited by Robert Wilson and Frank Keil, MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1999, 108-110.

"Speciesism and Basic Moral Principles," in Etica & Animali, (Special Issue Devoted to Nonhuman Personhood) 9, 1998, 5-36.

"Personhood," in A Companion to Bioethics, edited by Peter Singer and Helge Kuhse, Blackwell Publishers, Oxford, 1998, 117-26.

"The Moral Status of the Cloning of Humans," in Biomedical Ethics Reviews: Human Cloning, edited by James Humber and Robert Almeder, Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey, 1998, 65-101.  Reprinted in the Monash Bioethics Review, 18/1, 1999, 27-49.  Partially reprinted in Applying Ethics, 7th Edition, edited by Jeffrey Olen and Vincent Barry, Wadsworth, Belmont, California, 2002, 287-98, and in Questions of Life and Death – Readings in Practical Ethics, edited by Christopher W. Morris, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2012, 469-86.  Also translated into Japanese.

"Values, Obligation, and the Asymmetry Question," in Bioethics, 12/2, 1998, 111-24.

"Causation," in The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Supplement, edited by Donald M. Borchert, New York, Simon & Schuster Macmillan, 1996, 72-5.

"Voluntary Euthanasia:  Active Versus Passive, and the Question of Consistency," in Revue Internationale de Philosophie, 49/3, 1995, 305-22.

"Our Current Drug Legislation: Grounds for Reconsideration," Newsletter of the Center for Values and Social Policy, 7/1, 1994, 1-3.  Reprinted in: Current Issues and Enduring Questions, 4th ed., edited by Sylvan Barnet and Hugo Bedau, Bedford Books, Boston, 1996, 385-8.

"The Argument from Evil," in Philosophical Perspectives, 5 - Philosophy of Religion, 1991, edited by James E. Tomberlin, Ridgeview Publishing, Atascadero, California, 1991, 89-134.

"Ethics, Meta-Ethics, and Philosophical Thinking," in Introduction to Ethical Theory, edited by Kenneth F. Rogerson, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Fort Worth, Texas, 1991, 11-19.  (This is a reprinting of sections 1.2-1.4 of Abortion and Infanticide.)

"Causation: Reductionism Versus Realism," in Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 50, Supplement, 1990, 215-36.

"The Nature of Causation: A Singularist Account," in Canadian Philosophers: Celebrating Twenty Years of the Canadian Journal of Philosophy, edited by David Copp, Canadian Journal of Philosophy, Supplementary 16, 1990, 271-322.  Reprinted in:  Metaphysics:  An Anthology, edited by Jaegwon Kim and Ernest Sosa, Blackwell, Oxford, 1999, 458-82.

"Abtreibung und Kindstötung," a German translation of "Abortion and Infanticide," with a new Postscript (1989), in Um Leben und Tod, edited by Anton Leist, Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main, 1990, 157-95.

A Japanese translation of "Abortion and Infanticide" in The Bases of Bioethics, edited by Hisatake Kato and Nobuyuki Iida, Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 1988, 94-110.

"In Defense of the Existence of States of Motion," Philosophical Topics, 16/1, 1988, 225-54.

"Ett försvar för abort och spädbarnsavlivande," in Abortetik, edited by Thomas Anderberg and Ingmar Persson, Doxa, Lund, Sweden, 1987, 115-44.  (A Swedish translation of the complete text of "In Defense of Abortion and Infanticide.")

"Response to Mary Anne Warren," in Philosophical Books, January, 1985, 9-14.

"Laws and Causal Relations," in Midwest Studies in Philosophy, Volume IX, edited by Peter French, Theodore Uehling, and Howard Wettstein, University of Minnesota Press, Minnesota, 1984, 93-112.

"In Defense of Abortion and Infanticide," in Moral Issues, edited by Jan Narveson, Oxford University Press, Toronto and New York, 1983, 215-33; in The Problem of Abortion, 2nd Edition, edited by Joel Feinberg, Wadsworth, Belmont, California, 1984, 120-34; in Bioethics - Readings and Cases, edited by Baruch Brody and Tristram Engelhardt, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1987, 146-52; and in What Is a Person?, edited by Michael Goodman, Humana Press, Clifton, New Jersey, 1988.  This article has also been translated into Swedish.

"Plantinga's Defence of the Ontological Argument," Mind, 90, 1981, 422-7.

"Alvin Plantinga and the Argument from Evil," Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 58/4, 1980, 360-76.

"An Irrelevant Consideration:  Killing Versus Letting Die," in Killing and Letting Die, edited by Bonnie Steinbock, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1980, 56-62.

"Decisions to Terminate Life and the Concept of a Person," in Ethical Issues Relating to Life and Death, edited by John Ladd, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1979, 62-92.

"Infanticide:  A Philosophical Perspective," in the Encyclopedia of Bioethics, edited by Warren T. Reich, Free Press, New York, 1978, 742-51.

"The Nature of Laws," Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 7/4, 1977, 667-98.  Reprinted in:  The Philosophy of Science - Volume 1 - Explanation, Law, and Cause, edited by Lawrence Sklar, New York and London, 2000, 261-92, and in Readings on Laws of Nature, edited by John W. Carroll, University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 2004, 38-70.

"Would ETIs Be Persons?," in Extra Terrestrial Intelligence, edited by James L. Christian, Prometheus Books, Buffalo, NY, 1976, 129-45.

"John Hick and the Concept of Eschatological Verification," Religious Studies, 12, 1976, 177-99.

"Theological Statements and the Question of an Empiricist Criterion of Cognitive Significance," in The Logic of God - Theology and Verification, edited by Malcolm L. Diamond and Thomas V. Litzenburg, Jr., Bobbs-Merrill, Indianapolis, 1975, 481-524.

"A Defense of Abortion and Infanticide," in The Problem of Abortion, edited by Joel Feinberg, Wadsworth, Belmont, CA, 1973, 51-91.

"Replies," Philosophy & Public Affairs, 2/4, 1973, 419-32.

"Armstrong's Proof of the Realist Account of Dispositional Properties," Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 50/3, 1972, 283-7.

"Abortion and Infanticide," Philosophy & Public Affairs, 2/1, 1972, 37-65, and reprinted, with a postscript, in The Rights and Wrongs of Abortion, edited by Marshall Cohen et al., Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1973, 52-84.

Also reprinted, in full or in part, in:  Ethics in Perspective, edited by Karsten Struhl and Paula Struhl, Random House, New York, 1975;  Ethics for Modern Life, edited by Raziel Abelson and Marie-Louise Friquegnon, St Martin's Press, New York, 1st edition, 1975, 2nd edition 1982, and 3rd edition, 1987;  Moral Problems in Medicine, edited by Samuel Gorovitz et al., Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1976;  Death and Society, edited by James Carce and Arlene Dallery, Harcourt Brace, New York, 1977;  Values in Conflict, edited by Burton Leiser, Macmillan, New York, 1981;  Philosophy for Adults, edited by Thomas Buford, University Press of America, Washington, 1981;  Morality and Moral Controversies, edited by John Arthur, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1st edition, 1981, 2nd edition, 1986;  Applying Ethics, edited by Vincent Barry, Wadsworth, Belmont, California, 1982;  Ethics - Theory and Practice, edited by Manuel Velasquez and Cynthia Rostankowski, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1985;  Issues in Moral Philosophy, edited by Thomas Donaldson, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1986;  Applied Ethics, edited by Peter Singer, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1986.  Ethics, 2nd edition, edited by Steven M. Cahn and Peter Markie, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2001.  This article has also been translated into Japanese, German, and Portuguese.

"Does the Cosmological Argument Entail the Ontological Argument?," Monist, 54/3, 1970, 416-26.

Critical Notices and Longer Reviews

Review of John W. Carroll's book, Laws of Nature. The Philosophical Review, 106, 1997, 119-21.

Review of Bas C. van Fraassen's book, Laws and Symmetry, The British Journal of the Philosophy of Science, 46, 1995, 280-3.

Review of David Owens's book, Causes and Coincidences, The Philosophical Review, 103/3, 1994, 546-9.

Review of Richard Miller's book, Fact and Method:  Explanation, Confirmation and Reality in the Natural and the Social Sciences, The Review of Metaphysics, 45/2, 1991, 416-8.

Review of Evan Fales' book, Causation and Universals, Mind, 100, 1991, 385-8.

Review of D. M. Armstrong, edited by R. J. Bogdan, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 64/1, 1986, 97-102.

Critical Notice of Alvin Plantinga's book, The Nature of Necessity, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 55/1, 1977, 91-102.

Critical Notice of Eike-Henner W. Kluge's book, The Practice of Death, Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 6/2, 1976, 339-57.

Review of A. C. Ewing's book, Value and Reality:  The Philosophical Case for Theism, Philosophical Review, 85/1, 1976, 115-21.

Review of Stuart Brown's book, Do Religious Claims Make Sense?, Philosophical Review, 81/4, 1972, 501-5.

Brief Reviews

Review of Simon Blackburn's book, Essays in Quasi-Realism, The Review of Metaphysics, Vol. 48, 1995, pp. 643-5.

John Bishop's Natural Agency:  An Essay on the Causal Theory of Action, The Review of Metaphysics, Vol. 45, No. 4, 1992, pp. 846-7.

David Wood's The Deconstruction of Time, The Review of Metaphysics, Vol. 45, No. 3, 1992, pp. 645-6.

Review of P. M. S. Hacker's book, Appearance and Reality: A Philosophical Investigation into Perception and Perceptual Qualities, in The Review of Metaphysics, 43/1, 1989, 164-6.

UNIVERSITY AND PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT COMMITTEE AND ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITIES

Member of Promotion Committee: Michael Huemer, 2010-11.

Member of Promotion Committee: Carol Cleland, 2005-06.

Member of Promotion Committee: Michael Huemer, 2004-05.

Member of Promotion Committee: Luc Bovens, 2003-04.

Interim Head, Department of Philosophy, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2002-03.

Vice Chancellor's Advisory Committee, 2002.

Member of Promotion Committee: David Boonin, 2001-02.

Chair of Promotion Committee: Wes Morriston, 2000-01.

Director of Graduate Studies in Philosophy, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1999-2001.

Member of the Boulder Faculty Assembly, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1997-98.

Chair of Promotion Committee: Steven Leeds, 1997-98.

Chair of the Graduate Committee of the Arts and Humanities, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1997-98.

Member of the Graduate Committee of the Arts and Humanities, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1996-98.

Chair of Promotion Committee: Ann Davis, 1995-96.

Chair of Colloquium Committee, University of Colorado at Boulder, 1994-98.

Member of Promotion Committee: John Fisher, 1994-95.

Chair of Promotion and Tenure Committee: Carol Cleland, 1992-93.

Head of Department, Philosophy, University of Western Australia, 1985-88.

Moderator of the Undergraduate Honors Program in Philosophy, University of Western Australia, 1985-88.

Director of Graduate Study, Philosophy, University of Western Australia, 1983-88.

Chairman of the School, Philosophy, University of Western Australia, 1983-84.

Program Organizer for the Annual Conference of the Australasian Association of Philosophy, 1978.

Member of the Committee Considering Possible Reorganization of the Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University, 1978.

Member of the Scholarship Committee of the Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University, 1975-76.

Director of Undergraduate Studies in Philosophy, Stanford University, 1969-71.

LECTURES, SEMINARS, DEBATES, CONFERENCES, AND INTERVIEWS

“Causation and Time,” Panel discussion,” International Association for the Philosophy of Time, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, June 11, 2016

 “Tensed Properties and the Growing Block View of the Nature of Time: An Unsound Objection,” International Association for the Philosophy of Time, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, June 10, 2016

 “Temporal Asymmetry and the Laws of Physics,” American Philosophical Association, Eastern Division, Washington, D.C., January, 2016.

Comments on Don Marquis’s “What wrong with the Future of Value Argument,” RoME VIII Conference, Boulder, Colorado, August 7, 2015.

“Axiology: Theism Versus Widely Accepted Monotheisms,” Axiology of Theism Conference, Toronto, September 11, 2015

“Temporal Asymmetry and the Laws of Physics,” Society for Exact Philosophy Conference, McMaster University, May 22, 2015.

“Skepticism,” Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, March 20, 2015.

 “California’s “’Yes’ Means Yes Law,” A Conversation with Heidi Lockwood, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, March 19, 2015.

“The Skeptical Challenges of Berkeley and Hume: Can They Be Answered?”  Eastern Carolina University, March 18, 2015.

 “Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment in Universities,” Eastern Carolina University, March 17, 2015.

Debate on Euthanasia with Wesley Smith, Aquinas Institute for Catholic Thought at the University of Colorado, Boulder, February 4, 2015.

“Reason, Faith, and Miracles,” A Veritas Forum Conversation with Ian Hutchinson, Boulder, Colorado, January 29, 2015.

Debate on Evolution and Naturalism, Ridge Community Church, Broomfield, Colorado, May, 2014

“The Skeptical Challenges of Berkeley and Hume: Can They Be Answered?” College of William and Mary, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, March, 2014.

“Atheism and Christianity,” A Veritas Forum Conversation with John Lennox, Boulder, Colorado, November 13, 2013.

 “The Skeptical Challenges of Berkeley and Hume: Can They Be Answered?”  Keynote Address, Western Canadian Philosophical Association, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, November, 2012.

 “What Is Wrong with the World, and Who Is to Blame?” Lansdowne Public Lecture, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, November, 2012.

“Causation and Probability,” Konstanz Conference, 'The Objective Reality of Causality', University of Konstanz, Germany, May, 2012.

 “The Skeptical Challenges of Berkeley and Hume: Can They Be Answered?”  Keynote Address, Illinois Philosophical Association, Northern Illinois University, De Kalb, Illinois, November, 2011.

 “The Skeptical Challenges of Berkeley and Hume: Can They Be Answered?”  Presidential Address, American Philosophical Association, Pacific Division Division, San Diego, April, 2011.

“Does God Exist?” Theology/Philosophy Symposium: The Problem of Evil:  Why Bad Things Happen to Good People, Texas Lutheran University, Seguin, Texas, February, 2011.

Don Marquis and Michael Tooley on Abortion and Personhood,” Philosophy TV Discussion, December 8, 2010, http://www.philostv.com/don-marquis-and-michael-tooley.

 “Abortion," Colorado Summer Seminar, University of Colorado at Boulder, July, 2010.

Conference Panel Discussion, “The Future of the Philosophy of Time,” The Future of the Philosophy of Time Conference, Wake Forest University, North Carolina, April, 2010.

 “Presentism and Truthmakers,” The Future of the Philosophy of Time Conference, Wake Forest University, North Carolina, April. 2010.

Comments on Josh Mozersky’s "Three Dimensionalism," American Philosophical Association, Pacific Division, San Francisco, April, 2010.

Debate on the Existence of God, with William Lane Craig of Biola University, at University of North Carolina at Charlotte, March 24, 2010, and sponsored by Ratio Christi.

“Does God Exist?  The Evidential Argument from Evil,” Texas Christian University, February 26, 2010

 “The Moral Status of Abortion: Some Unsound Arguments,” Texas Christian University, February 25, 2010

 “Voluntary Active Euthanasia,” Texas Christian University, February 24, 2010

“What Is Wrong with the World, and Who Is to Blame?” Think! Talk, University of Colorado at Boulder, February 2, 2010.

 ““Time, Truth, Actuality, and Causation”, International Conference on “God and the Future”, Theology Faculty of Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany, September, 2009.

“The Probability that God Exists”, TheoLogica Conference on “Formal Methods in the Epistemology of Religion”, Leuven, Belgium, June, 2009.

“In Defense of Perdurantism," Colorado Summer Seminar, July, 2009.

"Presentism and Truthmakers," American Philosophical Association, Pacific Division Meetings, April, 2009.

"A Philosophical Journey," The John Dewey Lecture, American Philosophical Association, Central Division, Chicago, February, 2009.

 “How to Teach and Study the History of Philosophy”, Colorado Summer Seminar, July, 2008.

“God and Evil”, Philosophy Talk radio show, June, 2008, hosted by John Perry and Ken Taylor.

“Inductive Logic and the Probability that God Exists”, 36th Annual Meeting of the Society for Exact Philosophy, University of Wyoming, May, 2008.

Debate on the Existence of God, with Peter Kreeft of Boston College, at Wheaton College, Massachusetts, April, 2008, and sponsored by the Intercollegiate Studies Institute.

“The Refutation of McTaggart’s Argument,” Keynote address, University of West Virginia, Department of Philosophy Conference “Time on Trial: 100 Years of McTaggart’s Argument against the Reality of Time,” April, 2008.

“The Probability that God Exists,” American Philosophical Association Pacific Division Meeting, March, 2008.

“The Argument from Evil,” Keynote address, Texas Tech University’s Second Annual Graduate Student Philosophy Conference, March 7-8, 2008.

The Moral Status of Abortion:  An Overview," Abortion Conference, University of Colorado at Boulder, November, 2007.

“Metaphysics and Laws of Nature: Reductionist versus Non-Reductionist Approaches”, Colorado Summer Seminar, July, 2007.

“The Principle of Phenomenal Conservatism”, Bled Conference in Epistemology - 2007, Bled, Slovenia, May 27–June 2, 2007.

“The Mind-Body Problem,” Think! Talk, University of Colorado, April, 2007.

 “Against Freedom of Thought and Freedom of Expression," Center for Values and Social Policy, University of Colorado at Boulder, April, 2007.

Roundtable on Causation and Responsibility, Mount Hood, Oregon, November, 2006.

"Evolution, Intelligent Design, and Education," The Committee on the History and Philosophy of Science Regional Science Conference on Darwinian Evolution, Boulder, Colorado, April 2006.

Debate with Professor Peter Van Inwagen of the University of Notre Dame on the topic "Should We Believe in God?", Amherst College, March 2006.

"Perdurantism: A Defense," The University of Nebraska, February 2006.

The Evans Memorial Lecture, The University of Nebraska, February 2006.

Debate with Bill Jack on "Evolution Versus Creationism," The Ridge Community Church, Northglenn, Colorado, October 2005.

"The Evidential Argument from Evil," University of Kansas, September 2005.

"Abortion," University of Kansas, September 2005.

"Michael Huemer's Defense of Direct Realism," University of Washington, May 2005.

“The Evidential Argument from Evil," Davidson College, April 2005.

"In Defense of Perdurantism," Inland Northwest Philosophy Conference, University of Idaho, April 2005.

"Presentism," American Philosophical Association, Pacific Division Meetings, March 2005.

"A New Form of Moral Skepticism?," The First Russell Conference, Healdsburg, California, March 2005.

Gail Stine Memorial Lecture, Wayne State University, April 2004.

"Counterfactual Analyses of Causation," American Philosophical Association, Pacific Division Meetings, April 2004.

“The Evidential Argument from Evil," University of Alberta at Edmonton, March 2004.

"The Stalnaker-Lewis Approach to Counterfactuals," University of Calgary, March 2004.

 “The Argument from Evil," West Virginia University, April 2003.

“Rethinking Time," West Virginia University, April 2003.

“The Nature of Basic Tensed Sentences," University of Iowa, April 2003.

E. W. Hall Lecture, “Freedom of Thought and Expression," University of Iowa, April 2003.

Debate on with Professor Hadley Arkes of the University of Massachusetts on Abortion, Princeton Bioethics Conference, February 2003.

Four Debates with Michael Horner on the Existence of God, Canadian Campus Crusade for Christ:  the University of Guelph, McMaster University, University of Waterloo, and the University of Western Ontario, January 2003.

"The Evidential Argument from Evil," California State University at Long Beach, Odyssey Project, November 2002.

"Grünbaum on Time," Conference on Adolf Grünbaum, Santa Barbara City College, October 2002.

"Ethical Issues Raised by Human Cloning," Chautauqua Community Forum, July 2002.

“An Evidential Argument from Evil:  The Inductive Step," American Philosophical Association, Pacific Division Meetings, March 2002.

"Causation and the Stalnaker-Lewis Approach to Counterfactuals," Department of Philosophy, Brown University, February 2002.

"Comments on Adolf Grünbaum's 'The Poverty of Theistic Cosmology'."  Eastern Division Meeting, American Philosophical Association, December 2001.

"The Evidential Argument from Evil:  The Inductive Step," University of Miami, March 2001.

"Counterfactuals: The Stalnaker/Lewis Approach," University of Miami, March 2001.

"The Evidential Argument from Evil:  The Inductive Step," Western Michigan University, November 2000.

"Counterfactuals: The Stalnaker/Lewis Approach," Western Michigan University, November 2000.

"Comments on Stephen Davis's Paper, 'The Limits of Apologetics:  the Proofs'," Society of Christian Philosophers - Mountain-Plains Regional Conference, September 2000.

"Comments on Robin Le Poidevin's Paper, 'Is Precedence a Secondary Quality?'," Central Division Meeting, American Philosophical Association, April 2000.

"Are there any Sound Arguments for Supernaturalism?" Conference on The Nature of Nature, Baylor University, April 2000.

"Basis Rules and Direct Realism," Pacific Division Meeting, American Philosophical Association, April 2000.

"The Evidential Argument from Evil," University of Vermont, March 2000.

"The Stalnaker/Lewis Approach to Counterfactuals," University of California at San Diego, March 2000.

Debate with Professor Keith Yandell of the University of Wisconsin on "God and Evil," Arapahoe Community College, Denver, Colorado, February 2000.

"The Evidential Argument from Evil," Biola University, Los Angeles, California, February 2000.

"The Evidential Argument from Evil:  The Inductive Step," University of California at Riverside, February 2000.

"Comments on Ned Hall's 'Two Concepts of Causation'," Eastern Division Meeting, American Philosophical Association, December 1999.

"Ethics and Critical Thinking," Casey Middle School, Boulder, December 1999.

"The Metaphysics of Time," Department of Philosophy, San Francisco State University, October 1999.

Lectures in Japan on a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Fellowship:

1.  "Basic Issues in the Philosophy of Time, and Alternative Accounts," The University of Tokyo, May 1999.

2.  "A Causal Theory of the Direction of Time," Nihon University, Japanese Philosophy of Science Society, May 1999.

3.  "Problems with Standard Tensed Views of Time," The University of Tokyo, May 1999.

4.  "The Moral Status of the Cloning of Humans," the Japanese Association of Bioethics, June 1999.

5.  "The Analysis of Tensed Sentences," The University of Tokyo, June 1999.

6. "Future Contingents and the Objections to Three-Valued Logic," Tokyo Metropolitan University, June 1999.

7.  "Is Backward Causation Logically Possible," Keio University, June, 1999.
"The Nature of Time:  Philosophy, Physics, and Phenomenology. "

Center for the Humanities and Arts "Rethinking Time" Series, University of Colorado at Boulder, October 1999.

"The Analysis of Knowledge," Pacific Division Meeting, American Philosophical Association, April 1999.

"The Evidential Argument from Evil:  The Inductive Step," University of Edinburgh, February 1999.

"Bealer's Argument against Functionalism," Wichita State University, October 1998.

Session on Time, Tense, and Causation, Central Division Meeting, American Philosophical Association, May 1998:  Response to papers by Storrs McCall, Nathan Oaklander, and Quentin Smith.

"The Evidential Argument from Evil:  The Inductive Step," Society of Christian Philosophers Intermountain Meeting, April 1997.

"A Defense of Absolute Simultaneity," Pacific Division Meeting, American Philosophical Association, April 1996.

"An Alternative Approach to the Nature of Time," The University of Toronto, January 1996.

"Same Time, Same Place: A Defense of Absolute Simultaneity," Committee on the History and Philosophy of Science, University of Colorado, December 1995.

"God and Evil," 1995 Intermountain Regional Conference of The Society of Christian Philosophers, March 1995.

Debate with William Lane Craig on the Existence of God, University of Colorado at Boulder, November 1994.

"Abortion and Critical Thinking," University of Colorado at Boulder, April 1994.

"The Nature of Time," University of Colorado at Boulder, February 1992.

"Truth-functionality and Three-valued Logic," annual meeting of the Australasian Association of Philosophy, July 1991.

"A Defense of Tense," Department of Traditional and Modern Philosophy, The University of Sydney, April 1990.

"A Defense of a Singularist Conception of Causation," Philosophy Department, Monash University, September 1989.

"Same Place, Same Time," Philosophy Department, Melbourne University, September 1989.

"A Defense of a Tensed View of Time," Philosophy Department, La Trobe University, September 1989.

"Philosophical Approaches to Ethical Issues in Health Care," Public Health Association on Current Ethical Issues in Public Health, Princess Margaret Hospital, Perth, March 1988.

"The Morality of Abortion," Abortion Law Reform Association, Perth, November 1987.

"Australian Drug Laws," National Health and Medical Research Council Unit in Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, University of Western Australia, October 1987.

"Laws of Nature and the Empiricist Loyalty Test," Western Australian Society for the History and Philosophy of Science, October 1986.

"Empiricism and Laws of Nature," Alberta Tri-University Philosophy Conference, Banff, Alberta, April 1986.

"Laws of Nature and the Empiricist Loyalty Test," Philosophy Departments, University of Guelph and University of Western Ontario, March 1986.

"Empiricism and Laws of Nature," Philosophy Department, University of Toronto, March 1986.

"In Defense of the Existence of States of Motion," Philosophy Department, Trent University, February 1986.

"Epiphenomenalism," Presidential Address, Australasian Association of Philosophy, 1984.

"In Vitro Fertilization," Public Lecture, University of Western Australia, 1983.

"Causation and Humean Supervenience," Conference of the Florida Chapter of the American Catholic Philosophical Association, 1982.

"Singular Causation," Florida Philosophical Association Convention, 1981.

"Obligations Concerning Possible Persons," Kansas Tri-University Philosophy Conference, 1981.

"Armstrong on the Nature of Belief," Conference on Belief, University of Queensland, 1979.

"Propositions and Beliefs," Philosophy Department, University of Adelaide, 1978.

"Abortion and Infanticide," Philosophy Club, University of Adelaide, 1978.

"Semantics and Ontology," Department of Traditional and Modern Philosophy, University of Sydney, 1978.

"Propositions and the Individuation of Beliefs," Philosophy Department, Monash University, 1978.

"Abortion and Infanticide," Philosophy and Public Issues Lecture Series, Monash University, 1978.

"The Rights of Children," Symposium on the Rights of Children, Monash University, 1978.

"The Nature of Laws," Philosophy Department, University of Utah, 1977.

"The Nature of Laws," a Mahlon-Powell Lecture at the University of Indiana, 1977.

"The Nature of Nomic Necessitation," Department of Traditional and Modern Philosophy, University of Sydney, 1976.

"Moral Issues Involved in Decisions to Terminate Life," a series of lectures at the Council for Philosophical Studies' Institute on Moral Problems in Medicine, 1974.

"Death and the Concept of a Person," Symposium on Medical Ethics, Brown University, 1974.

"Reply to Professor Devine," Eastern Division Meetings of the American Philosophical Association, 1973.

"Knowledge of Other Minds and the Argument from Analogy," Philosophy Department, Simon Fraser University, 1973.

"Ethics and the Concept of a Person," Philosophy Department, California State University at Hayward, 1973.

"The Question of Abortion," Philosophy Forum, Los Angeles City College, 1972.

"Abortion and Infanticide," Philosophy Colloquium, University of California at Los Angeles, 1972.