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Lee Hood, University of Colorado

 

ü      Keep your story to a few basic ideas.  Remember: What you decide to leave out is almost as important a decision as what you include.

 

ü      Do not include too many facts in the lead.  The lead just gets attention for what comes after it.

 

ü      Remember the one-breath rule!  Short, simple sentences.

 

ü      Use contractions most of the time.  People talk in contractions.  Use the longer version only for emphasis.  (One that can be a problem -- can vs. can't, especially if a "t" word comes after it.  Often, cannot is better.)

 

ü      Be careful about loaded words that color the story unnecessarily.  E.g., the troubled Rocky Flats plant; the controversial new highway.  Also, be careful of the word only.

 

ü      Use say or says instead of said.  If they said it, it's reasonable to think they still believe it.  Exception: If it's linked to a specific event (e.g., "The governor said at a news conference…")

 

ü      Try to avoid official and authority.  Both make your writing sound institutional and non-conversational.  What kind of official?  Try to be more specific.

 

ü      Write in active voice as much as possible (good indications of passive voice are the words is/was/were and by).

 

Verb tense

ü      Generally, write in present (is happening), present perfect (has happened), and future tenses -- especially for the lead!  (What is the situation now or what is likely to happen next?)

 

ü      Sometimes you can't avoid past tense. Don't write present-tense verb for obviously past tense action. (See Chapter 3 in Tuggle)

 

Phrases

ü      Avoid interior clauses and phrases.  Keep subject/verb together!

 

ü      Avoid long, introductory phrases (don't use more than four words):

E.g., Although the Buffs haven't won on the road in the past three seasons, they almost won Saturday night.

 

Better:  The Buffs haven't won on the road in three years, but they almost won Saturday night.

Other writing hints

ü      Nouns used as preceding adjectives (such as town names) can sound unnatural or even funny:  e.g., the Golden woman, the Last Chance man, the Bountiful child!

 

ü      Don't look too hard for substitutes -- a fire is not a blaze in everyday language

 

ü      Avoid redundancies -- totally destroyed, completely gutted, 9 a.m. this morning.

 

ü      Save words -- not in order to, but to; not at the present time or at this hour but now or right now.

 

ü      But is more conversational, and shorter, than howeverNow is more conversational, and shorter, than currently.

 

ü      You can usually live without the word that when it's used as a conjunction.

            E.g., It appears that he is in a bad mood. (That is not needed.)

            But…It's the thought that counts. (Clearly needed in this case.)

 

ü      Leave out racial references for people already arrested.

 

Precise Language

 

ü      Fewer means individual items (fewer books); less means bulk or quantity (less sleep)

 

ü      Farther means physical distance (farther down the road); further means time or degree (further from the truth)

 

ü      People are a who, not a that.

 

ü      Here's a picky one…Over and under are spatial designations (over the table, under the table). More than and less than are for numbers (more than 50, less than 10).

 

ü      In broadcast, use news conference instead of press conference .

 

Scripting and general style questions

 

ü      For NewsTeam, indent almost every sentence, to make the copy easier to read.

 

ü      Remember, when in Rome...

 

ü      For more writing hints, consult Broadcast News Handbook or www.newswriting.com.