|
|
Program |
|
|
|
Truman | Consolidation | Active | Low | Korean War | Significant |
Eisenhower | Consolidation | Permissive | Moderate to Low | Little Rock, U-2, Recession | Limited |
Kennedy | Expansion | Active | Low | Civil Rights, Missile Crisis | Significant |
Johnson | Expansion | Active | High | Vietnam, Urban Riots | Massive |
Nixon | Consolidation | Active | Moderate to Low | Vietnam, China Initiative, Oil Embargo, Watergate | Significant |
Ford | Maintenance | Permissive/ Reactive | Low | Nixon Pardon | Limited |
Carter | Consultation | Active | Moderate to Low | Camp David, Iran Hostages, Recession | Limited |
Reagan | Contraction to Fiscal | Active to Permissive | High to Low | Tax & Budget cuts, Assassination, Iran-Contra | Massive |
Bush | Fiscal | Permissive/ Reactive | Low | Persian Gulf, recession | Limited |