IPHY 3410 Instructor: Dr. Leif Saul Fall 2023

Topics to Know from Old Lectures

This page lists the topics from the old lectures (i.e. lectures already covered on Exams 1, 2 and 3) that will be on the final exam. About 30% of the final exam (i.e., about 15 questions) will consist of questions on these topics. Section numbers are given below for the exact sections that you need to study. Please see the PowerPoint files downloaded from Canvas to verify you have the correct section numbers indicated in your notes, and that these match the topic summaries listed below. You need to study everything within the listed sections or slides. You do not need to study any sections from the old lectures other than those listed below.

1. Know the types of simple epithelium, the types of stratified epithelium, the examples (given in the epithelium lectures) of where each type can be found, and the functions emphasized in the epithelium lectures. (02Epithelium, sections I.c and I.d.)

2. Know the characteristics, components and examples (locations in the body) that were given in the connective tissue lectures for: areolar CT, adipose CT, reticular CT, dense regular CT, dense irregular CT, and elastic CT. Know what larger categories these belong to (loose vs. dense CT; CT proper). (03Connective, section II.d.1.)

3. Know everything from the Body Cavities and Membranes slides (04BodyCavities, sections I-III). Also know everything about the internal and external lining of the GI tract presented in 09Digestive1, section I.c.

4. Know the 4 processes involved in respiration (ventilation, external respiration, gas transport via blood, internal respiration), and where they occur (11Respiratory, section I.a.). Also know the conducting and respiratory zones and how they relate to those processes (11Respiratory, section I.b.).

5. Know the circulatory routes (pulmonary vs. systemic circuit) and their relationship to external and internal respiration. Know the general circulatory principles regarding arteries, veins, and capillaries, where they deliver blood to/from, and whether they carry oxygenated/deoxygenated blood. Also understand the concept of portal veins as reviewed in this lecture. (12Cardiovascular, sections I.b and I.c.)

6. Know the chambers and valves of the heart, the specific vessels discussed with the heart, the order in which blood travels through all these different structures, where in this pathway oxygenated vs. deoxygenated blood is found, and the production of the heart sounds ("lub-dup"). (12Cardiovascular, sections II.d and II.e.)

7. Know everything presented about the lymphatic system and its interaction with the cardiovascular system (13LymphaticImmune, section I). Understand how it fits in with the general circulatory routes (12Cardiovascular, sections I.b and I.c).

8. Know the two slides on neuron classification (three functional types and three structural types). (14Nervous1, section II.a.3.)

9. Know the meaning (structure and location) of gray vs. white matter, nerves, ganglia, tracts, and nuclei in the nervous system. Also understand the relationship between nerves, neurons, and nerve fibers (axons) and the direction of signal transmission. (14Nervous1, section II.c.)

10. Know the "Diagram of Blood and CSF Flow Through the Brain" (just the line diagram slide which is near the end of 14Nervous1). Be able to label the diagram (as we did in class), and know the flow pathways through it. Understand how it fits in with the cardiovascular system (12Cardiovascular, sections I.b and I.c). (Note: You're not responsible for the more detailed drawing, labeled "Supplementary image of blood and CSF flow".)