References published prior to 1956 are listed by key letter as found in: Metcalf, Z.P. 1964a. General Catalogue of the Homoptera. Fascicle VI. Cicadelloidea. Bibliography of the Cicadelloidea (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service. 349 pp. References published between 1956-1985 are listed by key letter as found in: Oman, P.W., W.J. Knight & M.W. Nielson. 1990a. Leafhoppers (Cicadellidae): a Bibliography, Generic Check-list and Index to the World Literature 1956-1985. CAB International Institute of Entomology, Wallingford, UK. [iv] + 368 pp. Post-1985 papers are listed by key letter of the bibliography of Stuart McKamey's yet to be released Leafhoppers of the World database.

Species descriptions and systematics.

Ball, E.D. 1899b. Some new species of Deltocephalus. Canadian Entomologist 31: 188-192. [areolata, flexulosa, and stylata n.spp.] Available online through the Biodiversity Heritage Library.

Ball, E.D. 1905a. Some new Homoptera from the South and Southwest. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. Washington, D. C 18: 117-120. [slossonae n.sp., described in Deltocephalus] Available online.

Beamer, R.H. 1936d. New leafhoppers from the western United States. Canadian Entomologist 68: 252-257. [F. ritana, n.sp.]

Beamer, R.H. and Tuthill, L. D. 1934a. Some new species and a new genus of Deltocephaloid leafhoppers (Homoptera, Cicadellidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 7(1): 1-24. [F. decora, doeringae, modica, and serrata, n.spp.]

Bess, J.A. and Hamilton, K.G.A. 1999a. A new Flexamia (Homoptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from Southern Michigan. The Great Lakes Entomologist 32(1&2): 9-14. [Flexamia huroni, n.sp.]

Crumb, S.E. 1915a. Some new species of Jassoidea. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 8: 189-198. [F. visendus, pyrops, funabulus, n.spp., described in Deltocephalus]

DeLong, D.M. 1926d. A monographic study of the North American species of the genus Deltocephalus. Ohio State University Studies 2(13): i-x, 1-129.

DeLong, D.M. 1935a. Some new species of Deltocephaloid leafhoppers. (Homoptera, Cicadellidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 28: 154-159. [F. bidentata, F. rubranura, n.spp.]

DeLong, D.M. 1937d. Some new Deltocephaloid leafhoppers (Homoptera, Cicadellidae) from Illinois. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 13(1-2): 32-34. [F. prairiana, n.sp.]

DeLong, D.M. and R.V. Hershberger. 1948a [dated 1947]. The genus Flexamia (Homoptera, Cicadellidae) in Mexico. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 42: 136-139. [3 n.spp.]

DeLong, D.M. and Sleesman, J.P. 1929a. New genera and subgenera from the genus Deltocephalus.  Annals of the Entomological Society of America 22: 81-114.

Dietrich, C.H., Whitcomb R.F., and Black, W.C. 1997a. Phylogeny of the grassland leafhopper genus Flexamia (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) based on mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 8(2): 139-149. [Oct]

Hamilton, K.G.A. and Ross, H.H. 1975a. New species of Deltocephaline leafhoppers with keys to the Nearctic species of Palus and Rosenus (Rhynchota: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae). The Canadian Entomologist 107: 601-611. [Flexamia satilla, n.sp.]

Hicks, A. 2015. In the shadow of a megalopolis, a new Flexamia from a threatened grass species in the New Jersey Pine Barrens (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Paralimnini) ZooKeys 511: 69-79. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.511.9572 [Flexamia whitcombi, n.sp.]

Lowry, J.E. and Blocker, H.D. 1987a. Two new species of Flexamia from the Nebraska sand hills (Homoptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 89(1): 57-60. [Flexamia arenicola and F. celata n.spp.]

Osborn, H. 1907a. Descriptions of new forms of Jassidae. Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of Sciences 10, 163-166. [F. picta and F. sandersi n.spp., in Deltocephalus.]

Osborn, H. and Ball, E.D. 1897a. Contributions to the Hemipterous fauna of Iowa. Iowa Academy of Sciences Proceedings 4: 172-234. [F. albida, inflata, reflexa, pectinata, and abbreviata n.spp., in Deltocephalus.]

Osborn, H. and Ball, E.D. 1898f. Studies of North American Jassoidea. New species, dimorphic forms and early stages of Jassidae. Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences Proceedings 7: 74-100. [F. imputans n.sp., in Deltocephalus.]

Ross, H.H. and Cooley, T.A. 1969a. A new Nearctic leafhopper of the genus Flexamia (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). Entomological News 80(9): 246-248. [Flexamia delongi, n.sp.]

Whitcomb, R.F. and Hicks, A.L. 1988a. Genus Flexamia: new species, phylogeny, and ecology. Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs No. 12: 224-323. [8 n.spp.]

Young, D.A., Jr., and Beirne, B.P. 1958a. A taxonomic revision of the leafhopper genus Flexamia and a new related genus (Homoptera, Cicadellidae). United States Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin 1173. [ii] + 53 pp. [5 n.spp.] [January 1958] PDF available (3.02 MB).

Species lists, ecology, and distribution records.

Beirne, B.P. 1956a. Leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) of Canada and Alaska. Canadian Entomologist 88: 1-180.

Bess, J.A. 2005. Conservation Assessment for the Reflexed Indiangrass Leafhopper (Flexamia reflexa (Osborn and Ball)) [draft] USDA Forest Service, Eastern Region, 46 pp. Available online.

Blocker, H.D., Harvey, T.L. and Launchbaugh, J.L. 1972a. Grassland Leafhoppers. 1. Leafhopper populations of upland seeded pastures in Kansas. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 65(1): 166-172.

Bouchard, P., Hamilton, K.G.A. and Wheeler, T. A. 2002a. Diversity and conservation status of prairie endemic Auchenorrhyncha (Homoptera) in alvars of the Great Lakes region. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Ontario. 132: 39-56.

Brimley, C.S. 1938a. Order Homoptera. In The Insects of North Carolina. Being a list of the insects of North Carolina and their close relatives. 560 p. (83-103).

Brown, H.E. 1939a. An Annotated List of the Species of Jassinae Known to Occur in Indiana (Homoptera, Cicadellidae). American Midland Naturalist 21: 663-673.

Buys, J.L. 1924a. The Cicadellidae of the vicinity of Ithaca, New York, with special reference to the structure of the gonapophyses. New York Agricultural Experiment Station Memoirs. 80: 1-115.

Chandler, D.S. and Hamilton, K.G.A. 2017. Biodiversity and ecology of the leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) of New Hampshire. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 143: 773-971.

Cuthrell, D.L., Penskar, M.R., and Higman, P.J. 2000. St. Clair Delta Lakeplain Prairie and Oak Savanna Ecosystem Project: Rare Plant and Insect Surveys 2000. Michigan Department of Natural Resources Natural Areas Program and State Parks Division. Report Number 2000-004. 43 p. Available online.

Cwikla, P.S. and Blocker, H.D. 1981a. An annotated list of the leafhoppers (Homoptera, Cicadellidae) from tallgrass prairie of Kansas and Oklahoma. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Sciences 84(2): 89-97.

DeLong, D.M. 1916a. The leafhoppers or Jassoidea of Tennessee. Tennessee State Board of Entomology. Bulletin No. 17, vol. 5(2). 112 p.

DeLong, D.M. 1948a. The leafhoppers, or Cicadellidae, of Illinois. (Eurymelinae-Balcluthinae). Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin 24(2): 97-376.

Dietrich, C., Methven, K., and Voegtlin, D. 1996. Inventory of Select Groups of Arthropods of 12 Mile Prairie. Illinois Natural History Survey Technical Report #26. 33 p. Available online.

Dietrich, C., Methven, K., and Voegtlin, D. 1998. Inventory of select groups of arthropods of four Mason County nature preserves. Illinois Natural History Survey Technical Report (19). 22 p. Available online.

Dietrich, C., Zeiders, K., Bouseman, L., and Voegtlin, D. 1997. Inventory of select groups of arthropods of Richardson Wildlife Foundation. Illinois Natural History Survey Technical Report 1997(8). 22 p. Available online.

Dunn, J.P., Hereau, H.A., and A.J. Klomp. 2006. Diversity of Cicadellidae and Cercopidae (Hemiptera) on sand prairies of Newaygo County, Michigan. The Great Lakes Entomologist 39(3&4):113-122.

Gibson, E.H. and Cogan, E.S. 1915a. A Preliminary List of the Jassoidea of Missouri with Notes on Species. Ohio Journal of Science 16: 71-78. Available online.

Fattig, P.W. 1955a. The Cicadellidae or Leafhoppers of Georgia. Emory University Museum Bulletin No. 11: 1-68.

Foster, D.E., Ueckert, D.N., and Deloach, C.J. 1981a. Insects associated with broom snakeweed (Xanthocephalum sarothrae) and threadleaf snakeweed (Xanthocephalum microcephala) in west Texas and eastern New Mexico. Journal of Range Management 34(6): 446-454.

Hamilton, K.G.A. 1972d. The Manitoban fauna of leafhoppers II. The fauna of macro-leafhoppers. Canadian Entomologist 104: 1137-1148.

Hamilton, K.G.A. 1990. Grasslands of Ontario and surrounding areas. Arthropods of Canadian Grasslands 5: 2-10. Available online.

Hamilton, K.G.A. 1994. Leafhopper evidence for origins of northeastern relict prairies (Insecta: Homoptera: Cicadellidae), pp. 61-70 in: R.G.Wickett et al., eds. Proceedings of the Thirteenth North American Prairie Conference. Available online.

Hamilton, K.G.A. 1996. Evaluation of leafhoppers and their relatives (Insecta: Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha) as indicators of prairie preserve quality. In: Hartnett, David (ed.) Proceedings of the 15th Annual North American Prairie Conference. Pp. 211-226. Available online.

Hamilton, K.G.A. 1997. Are bugs endangered? In: Warwick, Charles (ed.) Proceedings of the 15th Annual North American Prairie Conference. Pp. 104-118. Available online.

Hamilton, K.G.A. 2004. Leafhoppers and their relatives  from the Canadian Great Plains (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha). Arthropods of Canadian Grasslands 10: 17-24. Available online.

Hamilton, K.G.A. 2005a. Bugs reveal an extensive, long-lost northern tallgrass prairie. BioScience 55(1): 49-59.

Henderson, R. 1998. Personal communication. March 24. [List of leafhopper species and collection sites Wisconsin.]

Hendrickson, G.O. 1930a. Studies on the insect fauna of Iowa prairies. Iowa State College, Journal of Science 4(2): 49-179.

Lathrop, F.H. 1917a. A Preliminary List of Cicadellidae (Homoptera) of South Carolina, with Descriptions of New Species. Ohio Journal of Science 17: 119-131.

Lawson, P.B. 1920a. The Cicadellidae of Kansas. Kansas University Science Bulletin. 12: 5-306; pls. II-XVII.

Medler, J.T. 1943a [dated 1942]. The Leafhoppers of Minnesota. Homoptera: Cicadellidae. University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Technical Bulletin 155. 196 pp.

Nemec, K.T. 2003. Insect communities of native and restored wet-mesic tallgrass prairies in central Nebraska: leafhoppers, planthoppers, treehoppers, and ants. Thesis (M.A.)–University of Nebraska at Omaha, 2003.

Nemec, K.T. and Bragg, T.B. 2008. Plant-feeding Hemiptera and Orthoptera communities in native and restored mesic tallgrass prairies. Restoration Ecology 16(2): 324-335.

Osborn, H. 1915a. The Leafhoppers of Maine. Maine Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin 238: 81-159. Available online.

Osborn, H. 1921a. Homoptera of Florida. Florida Entomologist 5:1-19.

Osborn, H. 1928b. The Leafhoppers of Ohio. Ohio Biological Survey, Bulletin 14, 3(4): 199-374.

Osborn, H. and Knull, D. J. 1947a. Check list of Ohio Leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Ohio Journal of Science 46: 329-346. PDF available.

Panzer, R. and Bess, J. 1997. Biological assessment: prairie leafhopper (Flexamia prairiana). Unpublished report to Illinois Department of Natural Resources. 10 p.

Quisenberry, S.S., Yonke, T.R., and Huggans, J.L. 1979a. Leafhoppers associated with mixed tall fescue pastures in Missouri (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Journal of the Entomological Society 52(3): 421-437.

Wallner, A. 2008. Inventory of Conservative Auchenorrhyncha (Insecta:Hemiptera) of 15 Hill Prairies from the Peoria Area. INHS Technical Report 2008 (46). 8 pp. Available online.

Whitcomb, R.F., Hicks, A.L., Lynn, D.E., Allred, K.A., and Blocker, H.D. 1987a. Geographic variation in host relationships of leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) in North American grasslands. Proceedings. 2nd International Workshop on Leafhoppers and Planthoppers of Economic Importance. Wilson, M.R. and L.R. Nault [Eds.] Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London, pp. 293-325.

Whitcomb, R.F., Kramer, J.P., Coan, M.E., and Hicks, A.L. 1987b. Ecology and evolution of leafhopper-grass host relationships in North America grasslands. Current Topics in Vector Research 4: 121-178.

Internet resources.

Bauxite Natural Areas Animal Species List. The Nature Conservancy in Arkansas document. Available from: www.nature.org/wherewework/northamerica/states/arkansas/files/bauxite_animal.doc

Dmitriev, Dmitry A. 3I Interactive Keys and Taxonomic Databases. [Selected records from the Illinois Natural History Survey collection; accessed May 29, 2009.]

Grandview - Columbus Prairie Animal Species List. The Nature Conservancy in Arkansas document. Available from: www.nature.org/wherewework/northamerica/states/arkansas/files/columbusprairie_animal.doc

Michigan Natural Features Inventory. 2007. Rare Species Explorer (Web Application). Available online at http://web4.msue.msu.edu/mnfi/explorer [Michigan occurence maps and species accounts. Accessed June 3, 2007.]

Murray, Tom. Leafhoppers - Cicadellidae. PBase.com photo gallery. [photographs; accessed October 3, 2007.]

Panzer, R., Gnaedinger, K., and G. Derkovitz. 2006. The conservative prairie and savanna insects of the Chicago Wilderness Region. [species list, photographs]